Answer the following 5 question on the basis of the given paragraph.
Ordinary chemical reactions consist simply of rearrangements of the electrons in atoms and molecules. In these changes, the atomic nuclei involved are not affected. In the phenomenon of radioactive disintegartion, both nuclei and electrons can be involved. A chemical reaction of this kind is referred to as a nuclear reaction. One method of producing nuclear alteration involves the bombardment of atomic nuclei with various kind of high speed particles.
The possibility of artificial transmutation was first suggested when it was discovered that different kinds of atoms are composed of the same fundamental units; protons., electrons and neutrons. Essentially, the problem is in how the number of each of these types of particles could be changed. Rutherford first suggested that alpha particles, which could be easily obtained from radium, could be used.
He throught that a few of the particles might make direct hits and either combine with the nuclei or break them up. His theory was proven when he used these particles to transmute
to
and the chemical community was shocked. Since then, protons (p), photons (
-rays in particular), neutrons (n), electrons
and positrons
have been used in these types of reactions.
What is the nuclear reaction for the transmutation of
to
?